Mark Sailer
Science Teacher
Pioneer Jr-Sr High
Physics I Name: ________________________________________________

Heat Unit

Chapters 21 & 24 (With additional information from chapters 22 & 23)

Study Guidelines

Define temperature in terms of KE and describe the common temperature scales.
Define heat.
Define thermal equilibrium.
Distinguish between internal energy and heat.
Describe how the quantity of heat that enters or leaves a substance is measured.
Compare the specific heat capacities of different substances.
Describe how water’s high specific heat capacity affects climate.
Give example and applications of thermal expansion of solids.
Describe the behavior of water as it is heated from 0^O C to 15^OC.
Explain conduction and its effects.
Distinguish between conduction and convection.
Explain how heat can be transmitted through empty space.
Relate the temperature difference between an object and its surroundings to the rate at which it cools.
Explain why evaporation of water is a cooling process.
Describe how a substance can absorb or release energy with no resulting change in temperature.
Describe the concept of absolute zero.
State the first law of thermodynamics and relate it to energy conservation.
Describe adiabatic processes and cite examples.
State the second law of thermodynamics.
Define the ideal efficiency of a heat engine in terms of input and output temperatures.
Explain how order tends to disorder.
Define entropy and give examples.

State Standards Addressed by this Unit

P.1.13	Use the concepts of temperature, thermal energy, transfer of thermal energy, and the mechanical equivalent of heat to predict the results of an energy transfer.
P.1.27	Understand that the temperature of an object is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the molecules in it and that the thermal energy is the sum of all the microscopic potential and kinetic energies.
P.1.28	Describe the Laws of Thermodynamics, understanding that energy is conserved, heat does not move from a cooler object to a hotter one without the application of external energy, and that there is a lowest temperature, called absolute zero. Use these laws in calculations of the behavior of simple systems.

Class Plan

Day 1 – Jan 4 – Semester Test Overview – Notes Temperature

Day 2 – Jan 5 – Lab Heat Mixes

Day 3 – Jan 6 – Notes – Heat and Expansion –– Concept Page 21-1

Day 4 – Jan 9 – Notes – Heat Transfer

Day 5 – Jan 10 – Melting Ice and Boiling Water Lab

Day 6 – Jan 11 – Notes – Phase Change and Thermodyanamics

Day 7 – Jan 12 - Notes

Day 8 – Jan 13 – Lab 63

Day 9 – Jan 16 – B-Layer Work

Day 10 – Jan 17 – B-Layer Work

Day 11 – Jan 18 – B-Layer/A-Layer Work

Day 12 – Jan 19 – A-Layer Work

Unit Test – January 20

Portfolio Due – January 23

Activities (75 Points Maximum)

1. Class Notes (5 points per day) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Total _____

2. Heat Mixes – Turn In (10 Points) 2. _____

3. Concept Page 21-1 (after notes) (5 points) 3. _____

4. Concept Page 22-1 (after notes) (5 points) 4. _____

5. Concept Page 23-1 (after notes) (5 points) 5. _____

6. Concept Page 23-2 (5 points) - Oral Defense 6. _____

7. Concept Page 24-1 (after notes) (5 points) 7. _____

8. Vocabulary cards (10 points) – Oral Defense 8. _____

9. Melting Ice and Boiling Water Lab – Turn In (10 points) 9. _____

10. Chapter 21 Assessment (10 points) – Oral Defense

#19, 21, 25, 29, 31, 34, 35, 41, 42, 43, 45 10. _____

11. Lab 63 – The Uncommon Cold – Turn In (5 points) 11. _____

12. Chapter 24 Assessment – p. 369-70 #30-40, 44 (10 points) – Oral Defense 12. _____

B-Layer (10 points maximum) – Choose One

1. To heat or not to heat? - Design an experiment on conduction, convection, radiation, or insulation.

2. How do the melting and boiling temperatures change with the number of particles dissolved in water?

3. Do all solutes have the same effects on melting and boiling?

4. Design and perform an experiment to determine the cooling curve of water in containers of various materials and/or shapes.

A-Layer (15 points maximum) – Choose One – Use an A Layer research form

1. How would our world be different if water’s properties were like other materials such as methanol?

2. Is thermoacoustic refrigeration good or bad?

2. Research how scientists measure the temperature of the following: the sun, a flame, a volcano, outer space, liquid hydrogen, mice, and insects. Find out what instruments are used in each case and how they are calibrated to known temperatures. Using what you learn, prepare a chart or other presentation on the tools used to measure temperature and the limitations on their ranges.

3. Create a presentation on the life, times and work of James Watt, inventor of the first commercially successful steam engine in the early nineteenth century. Include material about how this machine affected transportation and industry in the United States.

4. What properties should refrigerant fluids have? Research the use of Freon and Freon substitutes. Why is using Freon forbidden by international treaty? What fluids are now used in refrigerators and car air conditioners? For what temperature ranges are these fluids appropriate? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each fluid? Summarize your research in the form of a presentation or report.

Grades 60-69 D 70-79 C 80-89 B 90+ A

Activities Points Earned _________

B Layer Points Earned __________

A Layer Points Earned __________ TOTAL _______